Stem Cell Research and a Ban on Human Cloning stem Essay Example For Students

Stem Cell Research and a Ban on Human Cloning stem Essay argumentative persuasive Stem Cell Research and a Ban on Human Cloning Some biotechnology companies claim that a ban on producing human embryos through cloning would stall important research in generating stem cells to cure a variety of diseases Cong. Record, 2/5/98, S425. To put this claim in perspective: 1. Cloning is desired as a source of customized stem cell lines which would be an exact genetic match to each individual patient with a given disease. But this would require each individual patient to undergo somatic cell nuclear transfer to produce one or many living human embryos who genetically are the patients identical twin sisters or brothers. We will write a custom essay on Stem Cell Research and a Ban on Human Cloning stem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now These embryos would then be destroyed to provide embryonic stem cells. Two methods of obtaining the cells have been described. In one, the embryo is allowed to develop normally for a week or two to the blastocyst stage, at or after the usual time of implantation in the mothers womb; then this embryo, consisting of hundreds of cells, is dissected for its stem cells. The other method is to introduce molecular signals into the embryos environment to trick its cells into departing from normal development and instead producing a mass of undifferentiated tissue, which can then be reprogrammed into various kinds of cells Lee Silver, Remaking Eden: Cloning and Beyond in a Brave New World (Avon Books 1997), p. 128. In either case, the living embryo is destroyed. 2. This avenue for providing medical benefits has been described even by supporters as largely conjectural (J. Kassirer and N. Rosenthal, in New England Journal of Medicine, March 26, 1998, p. 905). President Clintons National Bioethics Advisory Commission called it a rather expensive and far-fetched scenario. The Commission observed: Because of ethical and moral concerns raised by the use of embryos for research purposes it would be far more desirable to explore the direct use of human cells of adult origin to produce specialized cells or tissues for transplantation into patients. The Commission outlined three alternative avenues for promising research using stem cells that do not involve human cloning, two of which do not use human embryos at all (Cloning Human Beings: Report and Recommendations of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, June 1997, pp. 30-31). The Commissions Alternatives The alternatives outlined by President Clintons Commission are as follows: 1. Generating a few, widely used and well characterized human embryonic stem cell lines, genetically altered to prevent graft rejection in all possible recipients. This would raise its own ethical objections because it may involve producing and destroying some human embryos at the outset; but it does not require somatic cell nuclear transfer, or the creating and destroying of genetically related embryos for each individual patient. 2. Stimulating proliferation and differentiation of the quiescent stem cells which are known to exist in many adult tissues, including even the nervous system. Such stem cells could be customized to each individual patient and would not be from embryonic sources. 3. Identifying methods by which somatic cells could be de-differentiated and then re-differentiated along a particular path. This would permit the growth of specialized cells compatible with a specific individual person for transplantation. While at present this option is considered speculative, its feasibility is now enhanced by the central finding of the research that produced Dolly the sheep: An adult body cell can be de-differentiated surprisingly easily and regressed all the way back to a stage at which it can provide the nucleus for a new developing embryo. The question is: Can this regression be done to a point short of this, so an adult cell becomes the basis for cells that are like embryonic stem cells but never came from an embryo? .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 , .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .postImageUrl , .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 , .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:hover , .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:visited , .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:active { border:0!important; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:active , .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204 .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc81f4bfddf9af1203b789246359d1204:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: George brenard shaw EssayOther Alternatives (not explicitly cited by the Commission) 4. There are other promising sources of pluripotent (not embryonic) stem cells for treatment of disease. One example is hematopoietic (blood cell producing) stem cells from bone marrow or even from the umbilical cord blood in live births. These cells are already widely used in cancer treatment and in research on treating leukemia and other blood diseases. Their versatility was recently found to be even greater than once thought. For example, given .

Assignment Cover Sheet Essays - Information Technology Management

Assignment Cover Sheet Essays - Information Technology Management Assignment Cover Sheet Qualification Module Number and T itle HND in Business Management BHND5202: Operations Management Student N ame No. Assessor Mr. Janaka Upendra Hand out date Submission Date 03rd March 2017 Assessment type Coursework Duration/Length of Assessment Type Individual 3000 words Weighting of Assessment 50% Learner declaration I, .certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged. Marks A warded First assessor IV marks Agreed grade Signature of the assessor Date Feedback Form International College of Business Technology Module: BHND5202: Operations Management Student: Assessor: Mr. Janaka Upendra Assignment: Coursework - Individual Report Strong features of your work: Strong features of your work: Areas for improvement: Areas for improvement: Marks Awarded: Marks Awarded: Coursework - Individual Report Learning outcomes covered Understand the strategic role of operations management in sustaining firm's competitive advantages Understand the competitive priorities in product and service design Understand the interdependence of the operations function with the other key functional areas of a firm Scenario and the Task Scenario Operations management is a business function responsible for planning, coordinating and controlling the resources needed to produce a company's goods or services. Visit any service or manufacturing organization of your choice. Keenly observe the existing operations and collect data related to following learning outcomes. Identify the business, strategic framework of the business , the operations and e xplain why operations management is impor tant for the organization. (10 Marks) Study their operations strategy and d escribe the per formance objectives which they have prioritized out of cost; dependability; flexibility; quality and speed . Understand the link between operations management and strategic planning. Further discuss the internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. (3 0 Marks) E valuate the approach of the selected organization for below operation functions and derive recommendations for improvements. Select only five functions. Facility layouts P r ocess selection Linear programming Process flow charts P roject management Q uality assurance/ control (5 0 Marks) Prepare a proper report on the above mentioned tasks, not exceeding 3 000 words . (10 words) Assessment Criteria This submission will be assessed as follows Total marks Allocated Marks obtained by the student for the answer provided 1 Identify the business, strategic framework of the business, the operations and explain why operations management is important for the organization. 10-09 Has clearly identified the business, strategic framework of the business, the operations AND has clearly explained why operations management is important for the organization. AND effective judgments are evident with critical analysis 08-07 Has clearly identified the business, strategic framework of the business, the operations AND has clearly explained why operations management is important for the organization. Noted judgments BUT lack of critical analysis 06-05 Has averagely identified the business, strategic framework of the business, the operations AND has averagely explained why operations management is important for the organization. BUT lack of effective judgments. 04-03 Has averagely identified the business, strategic framework of the business, the operations BUT has weakly explained why operations management is important for the organization. AND no effective judgments. 02-00 Has weakly identified the business, strategic framework of the business, the operations AND has weakly explained why operations management is important for the organization. AND no effective judgments. 2. Study their operations strategy and describe the performance objectives which they have prioritized out of cost; dependability; flexibility; quality and speed. Understand the link between operations management and strategic planning. Further discuss the internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. 30-25 Effective judgments are evident in understanding the link between operations management and strategic planning further in identifying the performance objectives which they have prioritized. And has clearly described those performance objectives and internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. 24-19 Judgments are evident in the relevant places BUT which are not effective. AND has clearly described those performance objectives AND internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. 18-13 Lack of effective judgments is evident BUT has clearly described those performance objectives and internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. 12-07 No effective judgments are evident. BUT has averagely described those performance objectives AND internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. 06-00 No effective judgments are evident. AND has weakly described those performance objectives and internal and external benefits of excelling in these performance objectives. 3.1 Function 01 Critically evaluate the approach of the selected organization for below operation