Aspects of Our Existence in The Canterbury Tales Essay

Aspects of Our Existence in The Canterbury Tales Through out the history of our own existence men and women alike have pondered and questioned whether there truly exists a force that controls all aspects of our existence. In order to answer these questions men have gone on spiritual quest for not only knowledge of god, but to shed light on our own lives. Men like Geoffrey Chaucer take us on a quest to dig deep within our souls to answer our own question. In Chaucer’s collection of tales entitled, The Canterbury Tales The tales deal with a group of pilgrims of all social classes in search for forgiveness to the shrine of Thomas a Becket. The pilgrims all seek knowledge they cannot have but still try and find that knowledge within each†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The millers Tale, is a tale of humor that involves four characters who all search for love in the wrong placer and learn form their mistakes. The tale begins at the house of the carpenter John who is an aged man. Who marries a young girl named Alison who is only eighteen-years old. Chaucer intentionally does this to show that the age difference is a power to be reckoned with. Chaucer himself describes the contrast of age when he says, â€Å"She was a girl of eighteen years of age. Jealous he was and kept her in a cage, for he was old and she was wild an young; he thought himself quiet likely to be stung.† Chaucer perfectly describes the youth and its effect upon the character. The other character Nicholas the Galland, is described by Chaucer as, â€Å"This lad was know as Nicholas the Galland, and making love in secret was his talent, for he was very close and sly, and took advantage of his meek and girlish look.† Chaucer her foreshadows the relation ship between the two young characters by describing their flaws such as youth and beauty in Alison and Slyness in Nicholas. The other character Absolon is also a young ambitious character who wants to get Alison at any cost an is described by Chaucer as, â€Å"Absalon was aS how MoreRelatedThe Aeneid, Canterbury Tales And Don Quixote1713 Words   |  7 PagesFreedom and Independence in The Aeneid, Canterbury Tales and Don Quixote In the modern world, the concept of independence has become convoluted, and â€Å"freedom† has turned into a buzzword employed for far-reaching, often invasive political purposes. At their core, these ideas require cooperation and consideration of neighboring ideologies. When looking at Virgil’s Aeneid, The Wife of Bath’s prologue and tale from Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and Cervantes’ Don Quixote—three works from different periodsRead More Chaucers The Canterbury Tales: The Parson’s Tale Essay2219 Words   |  9 PagesChaucers The Canterbury Tales: The Parson’s Tale The critical acclaim for The Canterbury Tales as a whole is matched by the puzzlement over the work’s conclusion, the â€Å"Parson’s Tale† and Chaucer’s retraction. By modern standards, it hardly seems the â€Å"merry tale† the Parson promises his audience, and after the liveliness of much of the rest of the Tales, it appears to close the work not with a bang, but a whimper. However, this does not mean that the tale and retraction aren’t worthyRead MoreGeoffrey Chaucer: the Cantebury Tales Hypocrisy in the Church of England During the,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,1973 Words   |  8 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer was an English poet during the Medieval Era. While he does not appear to have been a social reformer, he drew attention to the hypocrisy of the Catholic Church in his works, The Canterbury Tales. Scholars agree that little is known about Chaucer. We do not have much personal inform- mation, such as â€Å"the memorabilia, letters, diaries, personal reminiscences, that cluster thickly around such later figures as Byron, Shelley or Yeats† (Morrison 7). MostRead MoreThe Theme Of Truth In Os Powman By Piers Plowman811 Words   |  4 PagesGod and the plowman does what is asked of him as if it was his God. This is very important in itself because if you live a truthful life you will go to heaven. So, if you look up to truth and almost worship the idea of truth and living a truthful existence, you will be in good fortune in God’s eyes. The â€Å"lady of lovely looks† mentions truth in the first passus: â€Å"Truth is therein And would have that ye do as his word teacheth† (13-14). Here, she’s explaining that all truth is within God. Truth isRead More Post Plague Social, Economic, and Historical Characteristics of Chaucer’s Pilgrims2928 Words   |  12 PagesPost Plague Social, Economic, and Historical Characteristics of Chaucer’s Pilgrims Waking up to the familiar sounds of a small English town is no longer an option. The stench of death permeates every inch of existence. Peering out of the window, afraid of stepping outside into the pestilence formerly known as home, you gaze past the mounds of rotting townspeople who used to be known as friends. Every breath catches, because breathing too deep may be too risky. A disease of unknown origin plaguesRead More Offreds Narrative - What is the purpose and function of the Historical2040 Words   |  9 Pageshow do they assist your interpretation of the novel? The historical notes are not part of Offred’s narrative, they are a transcript of a symposium held at a university in 2195 – two hundred years from where we left the end of Offred’s harrowing tale. The purpose of these notes if any, is to put Offred’s narrative into a historical purpose to help these academics understand the life of Gilead. It seems to me that another purpose of these historical notes is to provoke a very strong reactionRead MoreThe Metrics Of English Literature4721 Words   |  19 Pageshost, Fred Phillips. Both our guests having many years of linguistics and literature experience will analyse several texts that belong to different stages of the English language and compare their ideas. Why may you ask? To discuss the points of comparison between linguistics and the aesthetic analysis of English literature and discover the underlying oral similarities of our language Sylvia Miller is renowned for her understanding and interpretation of the aesthetic aspects of English literature throughoutRead MoreMy Own Creative Process And Transformative Experiences During The Stages Of Work Essay2156 Words   |  9 Pagesessentially an ability to interpret the explanation of ideas and analyze the meaning of the written and verbal language. During the course of my information gathering stage, I was heavily influenced by literary classics such as Dante’s Inferno and The Canterbury Tales along with modern films like Jacob’s Ladder and Seven. 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But someone who subsumes herself into the identity of her husband and allows her other roles to contain her will find it difficult and wouldnt even know where to begin. Nair’s popular work Ladies Coupe (2001) is a tale of the indomitable spirit of contemporary Indian women told with great insight and solidarity. In this novel she reflects the perpetual tension between the predicament of the contemporary Indian woman and the traditional Hindu culture. Nair’s India

Culture Labor And Legality. Being Inside A World That

Culture: Labor and Legality Being inside a world that is not your own, a world that is so different from your beliefs and ideas. A world whose culture is different from yours. Where the work ethic, home life, and family connections all differ. Imagine a world in which people are judged based on the color of their skin without giving them a second look or listening to their story; listening to where they are from. This is a common trend in American society; a society where we commonly think is equal and about empowerment but that is just our ideal perspective not our reality. Reality a world where it is true to the way things are. Family is defined as a group consisting of parents and children but to the lions, family is who they work†¦show more content†¦That is commitment. That is Principle. The Lions faithfully bond with their families and the values they have provide example that. They will do anything for their families to be able to have stable economy, and a happy life. The lions risk it all to give what they can to those around them. Although Chuy sends money back to his family, it is also believed that when you get married you no longer need to send money and it transitions into a nuclear family, in which means lions like Chuy will no longer be expected to help support his family in Mexico but the family he created for himself instead. â€Å"...To which these workers’ live have become truly and probably permanently transnational: the workers in Mexico mostly say they want to come back to the United States, and the workers in the United States mostly want to return to Mexico. Close relationships with friends and families in both Mexico and the United States mean that the lions will forever emotionally reside in both places.† (Gomberg-Muà ±oz, pg62) The emotional toll the Lions took to be able to support their values is a huge one, the life they live in is one in which they will never be able to find just one home happily. The lions will always have a stress of having a life in Chicago, IL but living in Mexico. For most of the Lions their families are in Mexico their brothers, their sisters, their parents. To which they have a strong bond with them. Unlike American societies leavingShow MoreRelatedQuestions On A Ethical Dilemma1482 Words   |  6 Pagesmoral†? Explain your answer. A: After reading Gill’s work, I agree with the statement that the law is not equivalent to ethical rightness. Both the Scriptures and Gill’s discussion of legal and ethical codes demonstrates that an action’s legality does not make the action right, moral, or ethical. Indeed, Gill’s states â€Å"just because something is legal†¦or the law is silent, does not make it right† (Gill, 2004, p. 142), gives clear evidence that legal compliance is does not equal an ethicalRead MoreBenefits And Benefits Of Unpaid Internship1375 Words   |  6 Pagesmeet their expectations. 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Architecture Protocols Internet Of Things â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Architecture Protocols Internet Of Things? Answer: Introduction Internet of things (IoT) represents a dynamic shift in the operational structure of the internet where technological objects and gadget are holistically embroiled into a worldwide network. In this network, these devices identify themselves autonomously and share information based on their needs and those of their users. Therefore, as a future technology IoT represent the next evolution of the internet where technology will take advantage of the advancement in digital systems more so, virtualization, computing power and system miniaturization [1]. Furthermore, it is through IoT technology that smart systems will be developed having the ability to function without human intervention. In essence, the implementation of IoT will signal the start of smart cities, an outcome already seen today. Now, this report analyses IoT as a technology including the security challenges and threats that will be experienced as a result of its implementation. Literature review In the current world, the foundational concepts of IoT are already being seen, things like smart television systems, smart watches and smart phones are propelling the digital era into a smart society. These gadgets rarely need human intervention to operate, an outcome that is used to define a smart object or device. Moreover, these devices are designed based on the needs of the users which make them dynamic and versatile as compared to conventional systems that were developed based on the existing conditions [2]. Again, this shift in the design of technological system outlines the parameters needed to implement IoT where intelligence and self-awareness are critical components. However, in all the research and discussion given on the topic, no single accepted definition is given on the term (IoT) other than the ability to add intelligence into the various working environments [3]. IoT Technologies To increase the worldwide connection of devices, extensive networks are needed which outlines the importance of the internet in the future of IoT. In fact, its integral role in connectivity outlines why smart systems and even IoT are named as its next evolution. However, at the same time, the digital environment has to consider the demands made by the end users particularly based on their convenience requirements. This demand necessitates the need for agile and dynamic systems, factors that have led to the growth of wireless technology, a centre mark for IoT [4]. In essence, wireless technologies will act as the foundation of IoT connecting different data centres, devices and the complementary features (sensors and actuators). Now, the complementary features (sensors and actuators) will enable the devices to connect with each other based on various identification technologies. At the moment, RFID (radio frequency identification) is still the main technology proposed for IoT as it serves the connection purpose and has multiple operational benefits such as simple design structure and minimal cost. Furthermore, RFID can be integrated with the existing internet technologies more so IP (Internet Protocol) addressing which is majorly used to connect and uniquely identify devices online [5]. Now, IP has in the past few years experienced drastic changes especially in its addressing scheme where the IPv6 has been developed to handle the number of devices expected in the future. In all, IPv6 will offer an unlimited number of addresses based on a bi-directional and symmetrical machine to machine (M2M) communication structure. Architecture Similar to other new technologies various models/architecture have been outlined based on the existing systems. However, according to the ITU (International Telecommunication Union), IoT should be based on five implementation layers, i.e.: Sensory layer (SL) Access layer (AL) Network layer (NL) Middleware layer (ML) Application layer (AL) [6] SL: The initial operational layer that will hold the sensors and control actuators. These devices will collect information and turn it into important data to control the IoT devices. This layer covers a wide range of devices such as camera systems, detectors, accelerometer and even heart rate monitors among many others [7]. AL: consisting of the access gateways, this layer will aggregate the sensors and actuators through the various connection methods. In this case, the layer will hold networking concepts such as local area network (LAN) and wide area networks (WANs) to integrate the various devices. Furthermore, these connections will be supported by the various networking technologies such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth and 6LowPAN [8]. NL: the different networks used in the access layer will need a common aggregator that will combine them into the one IoT platform. Now, this will be the function of the network layer which will be based on the defining protocols such as IP and the embedded operating systems. In essence, the network model defined will have to support a worldwide communication having the QoS parameters (latency, bandwidth, error probability and scalability etc.) [6]. ML: the intermediary layer that will manage the IoT services including the data involved. Therefore, the middleware layer will act as both a service layer and a data management layer. Its management service will include; security control, object management and analyzing information. On the other hand, its data management roles will filter data to produce the critical operational information [9]. AL: the final layer that will present the features of IoT to the end users based on appropriate APIs (application presentation interfaces). Now, these APIs will vary based on the industry or application used. Furthermore, they will vary based on the needs of the users which could be personal (home application), enterprise (business), or utility in nature (national or regional application). In all, the application layer will operate in a smart environment holding agile and adjustable opeational domains [2]. Benefits of IoT IoT will present many benefits, most of which will arise from its autonomous nature and the ability to operate with minimal resources. Some of these benefits will be: Minimal operational costs IoT will be fully automated requiring less operational resources. Minimal errors decisions will be based on factual and accurate data, which will improve outcomes. Worldwide integration this will increase information access and create new environments for business operations [10 Security Vulnerabilities Most of the IoT components such as sensors and actuators will be deployed on a massive scale that traditional and conventional interconnections will not have experienced. These components will be intensified further by the number of devices that will be connected into the IoT framework. In all, this design structure will have resounding pressures on the existing networking systems more so, the security structures that are designed to contain and isolate networks. In essence, the existing security protocols will lose their strengths as IoT will infringe directly on their operation mechanisms which will make them vulnerable to intrusions/attacks [11]. Secondly, consider the diversity of devices, protocols and network models that will exist within the general framework of IoT. In the existing structure of the internet, various systems are used which make it vulnerable to attacks as different security measures are used. Similarly, IoT will have different components that will either be identical or non-identical. This homogeneity and heterogeneity will magnify the existing security problems of worldwide connections. In essence, some devices and networks will have the necessary security measure to protect the users as compared to others. A good example is a smart watch that may act a rogue access point having minimal security measures while connected to a home network having sensitive data [11]. Finally, consider the manufacturers and developers of IoT devices and technologies. Most of these companies will design systems based on the immediate needs of the users while having minimal security considerations. In fact, some companies will design systems without security features so as to boost support business. Moreover, other companies will design systems without upgrade features which will affect the overall IoT security when new intrusion mechanisms are developed. In addition to this, some devices will outlive their manufacturers while they are still connected to the worldwide structure which will create serious security vulnerabilities as they will have no technical support [12]. Possible solution Although the solution outlined in this section covers the deployment of IoT devices i.e. the first vulnerability, this mitigation procedure can as well prevent the other security threats outlined. In essence, the solution to the security issues of massive system deployment is proper design practices. How is this so? While worldwide connection and integration are needed, there should be critical trade-offs between the technologies used and the security measures implemented. The design and development of IoT devices should be done based on specific industry standards that would see all manufacturers conform to certain security regulations. Moreover, the same standards would outline the design practices or framework of deploying all IoT systems. Now, this design practices would include security features such as cryptography where system authentication, authorization and encryption would be done. Furthermore, the same practices would encapsulate the requirements of system upgrades, parti cularly in the field setting [11]. Conclusion IoT defines the next evolution of information technology where the internet will be extended to support all devices and objects. Now, through this extension, IoT will integrate all aspects of life from business to home activities. Furthermore, through this technology devices will become autonomous which will improve their intelligence hence increase their efficiency. However, the implementation process should also cater for the security issues outlined as they may derail and interfere with the objectives of the technology. References S. Madakam, E. Ramaswamy and S. Tripathi, "Internet of Things (IoT): A Literature review," Journal of Computer and Communications, p. Available: https://file.scirp.org/pdf/JCC_2015052516013923.pdf, 2015. S. Madakam, "Internet of Things: Smart Things," International Journal of Future Computer and Communication, pp. Available: https://www.ijfcc.org/vol4/395-ICNT2014-2-203.pdf., 2015. E. Alsaadi and A. Tubaishat, "Internet of Things: Features, Challenges, and Vulnerabilities," International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Information F. Mattern and C. Floerkemeier, "Fro m the Internet of Computers to the Internet of Things," Distributed Systems Group, Institute for Pervasive Computing, ETH Zurich, pp. Available: https://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/publ/papers/Internet-of-things.pdf., 2012. V. Vatsa and G. Singh, "A Literature Review on Internet of Things (IoT)," International Journal of Computer Systems , p. Available: https://www.academia.edu/19560667/A_Literature_Review_on_Internet_of_Things_IoT_, 2015. J. Gubbi, R. Buyya, S. Marusic and M. Palaniswami, "Internet of Things (IoT): A Vision, Architectural Elements, and Future Directions," pp. Available: https://www.cloudbus.org/papers/Internet-of-Things-Vision-Future2012.pdf., 2012. K. Rose, S. Eldridge and L. Eldridge, "The Internet of Things: An Overview," Understanding the Issues and Challenges of a More Connected World, pp. Available: https://www.internetsociety.org/sites/default/files/ISOC-IoT-Overview-20151014_0.pdf., 2015. P. FREMANTLE, "A REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS," WSO2, pp. Available: https://wso2.com/wso2_resources/wso2_whitepaper_a-A. Castellani, N. Bui, P. Casari, M. Rossi, Z. Shelby and M. Zorzi, "Architecture and Protocols for the Internet of Things: A Case Study," p. Available: https://webofthings.org/wot/2010/pdfs/144.pdf., 2010. C. Reports, "Reaping the Benefits of the Internet of Things," Cognizant Reports, pp. Available: https://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/Reaping-the-Benefits-of-the-Internet-of-Things.pdf., 2014. I. society, "The internet of things: overview," Understanding the issues and challenges of a more connected world, pp. Available: https://www.internetsociety.org/doc/iot-overview, 2015. Ericsson, "IoT SECURITY," ericsson White paper, pp. Available: https://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/publications/white-papers/wp-iot-security-february-2017.pdf., 2017.

Titan was born in one of the remote areas of Pieve di Gadore Essays

Titan was born in one of the remote areas of Pieve di Gadore , however, he grow to work in Venice. He picked up quickly and become one of the dominant painters, if not the dominant painter of Europe. His oil paintings were the most sort after especially by the courtly and aristocratic patrons. His paintings were considered to be more naturalistic by the art theorists and hence of low perfection in design than the works from Rome and Florence. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, his works began to be appreciated up to the current time where the current scholars have intensified this contextual works. The intertwined possession themes of a beautiful woman and her image creation permeated the conception of female art by the renaissance. As the old thoughts always asserted that anyone who depicts a beautiful woman will always deserve her, the people of the renaissance may like to transfer these assertions to the art maker. This being the people's notion, there are many questions which are raised from this. Taking this into account we take this to the paragon extent between Titans and Michelangelo. In renaissance times, the beauty of any female was the lodestone of aesthetics, inspire of the male being taken to be the norm and the female an aberration. The Titan's woman picture can not only be used to portray his artistic gift but also can be seen as his booster to his rivals of all times. In his competition with his most contemporary rival, Michelangelo, titans uses this artwork to assert of his superiority and his primacy of sculpture paintings of colorito over design and feminine over masculine. The two, Michelangelo and Titan, came to confrontations of the diseno i.e the design and colorito for themselves. Michelangelo tried to make his name by the heroic men like that of David while Titan made reference to the female subject along with their style. Michelangelo shown the inability of the Venetian to draw and equated their disadvantages to their focus on femininity. In his evaluation of the Michelangelo artworks, Aretino allusion that he is more than a angel Devine, shows his promotion of Michelangelo angelic status which were conferred by Aristotle. Top of Form Bottom of Form

3 Problems of Parallel Syntax

3 Problems of Parallel Syntax 3 Problems of Parallel Syntax 3 Problems of Parallel Syntax By Mark Nichol Writers frequently err in producing in-line lists (those incorporated into a sentence, rather than presented vertically) whose items do not correspond grammatically. Here are three sample sentences, along with corrections. 1. â€Å"If a work is no longer set in Japan, no longer written by Japanese authors or penned by Japanese artists, and no longer reflects Japanese cultural idioms, is it still manga?† Each of the three list items in this sentence includes at least one verb, but that consistency does not guarantee parallel structure. The first item’s verb phrase includes â€Å"is . . . set,† and the third one’s verb, reflects, stands on its own (if the item were required to contain a form of â€Å"to be,† the sentence could be revised to include the verb phrase â€Å"is no longer reflective of†), but the middle item needs a helping verb in this case, to match the first item, is: â€Å"If a work is no longer set in Japan, is no longer written by Japanese authors or penned by Japanese artists, and no longer reflects Japanese cultural idioms, is it still manga? 2. â€Å"People who have experienced abuse, been victims of a crime or catastrophe, or people who have lived through war and/or genocide can experience PTSD.† Here, a verb is missing from one element of the sentence, but noun and pronoun use is also inconsistent: â€Å"People who have experienced abuse, have been victims of a crime or catastrophe, or have lived through war and/or genocide can experience PTSD.† Alternatively, elements can be combined; here, the first two are joined, and the third one, already in combination, has been framed in commas to set it off from the rest of the sentence: â€Å"People who have experienced abuse or have been victims of a crime or catastrophe, or people who have lived through war and/or genocide, can experience PTSD. 3. â€Å"The products are available at Bed Bath Beyond stores, the Container Store, or through the company’s website.† This sentence’s flaw is the lack not of a verb but of a preposition in each element. Generally, a single preposition could serve all three elements, but because a website is a conduit, not a location, for obtaining the products (unlike as in the case of information or media, which can be obtained at a website), each element requires its own preposition: â€Å"The products are available at Bed Bath Beyond stores, at the Container Store, or through the company’s website. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Use â€Å"That,† â€Å"Which,† and â€Å"Who†Best Websites to Learn English25 Idioms with Clean

History of Swaziland in Africa

History of Swaziland in Africa Early Migrations: According to tradition, the people of the present Swazi nation migrated south before the 16th century to what is now Mozambique. Following a series of conflicts with people living in the area of modern Maputo, the Swazis settled in northern Zululand in about 1750. Unable to match the growing Zulu strength, the Swazis moved gradually northward in the 1800s and established themselves in the area of modern or present Swaziland. Claiming Territory: They consolidated their hold under several able leaders. The most important was Mswati II, from whom the Swazis derive their name. Under his leadership in the 1840s, the Swazis expanded their territory to the northwest and stabilized the southern frontier with the Zulus. Diplomacy with Great Britain: Contact with the British came early in Mswatis reign when he asked British authorities in South Africa for assistance against Zulu raids into Swaziland. It also was during Mswatis reign that the first whites settled in the country. Following Mswatis death, the Swazis reached agreements with British and South African authorities over a range of issues, including independence, claims on resources by Europeans, administrative authority, and security. South Africans administered Swazi interests from 1894 to 1902. In 1902 the British assumed control. Swaziland – A British Protectorate: In 1921, after more than 20 years of rule by Queen Regent Lobatsibeni, Sobhuza II became Ngwenyama (lion) or head of the Swazi nation. The same year, Swaziland established its first legislative body – an advisory council of elected European representatives mandated to advise the British high commissioner on non-Swazi affairs. In 1944, the high commissioner conceded that the council had no official status and recognized the paramount chief, or king, as the native authority for the territory to issue legally enforceable orders to the Swazis. Worries About Apartheid South Africa: In the early years of colonial rule, the British had expected that Swaziland would eventually be incorporated into South Africa. After World War II, however, South Africas intensification of racial discrimination induced the United Kingdom to prepare Swaziland for independence. Political activity intensified in the early 1960s. Several political parties were formed and jostled for independence and economic development. Preparing for Independence in Swaziland: The largely urban parties had few ties to the rural areas, where the majority of Swazis lived. The traditional Swazi leaders, including King Sobhuza II and his Inner Council, formed the Imbokodvo National Movement (INM), a group that capitalized on a close identification with the Swazi way of life. Responding to pressure for political change, the colonial government scheduled an election in mid-1964 for the first legislative council in which the Swazis would participate. In the election, the INM and four other parties, most having more radical platforms, competed in the election. The INM won all 24 elective seats. Constitutional Monarchy: Having solidified its political base, INM incorporated many demands of the more radical parties, especially that of immediate independence. In 1966 Britain agreed to discuss a new constitution. A constitutional committee agreed on a constitutional monarchy for Swaziland, with self-government to follow parliamentary elections in 1967. Swaziland became independent on 6 September 1968. Swazilands post-independence elections were held in May 1972. The INM received close to 75% of the vote. The Ngwane National Liberatory Congress (NNLC) received slightly more than 20% of the vote and three seats in parliament. Sobhuza Declares Absolute Monarchy: In response to the NNLCs showing, King Sobhuza repealed the 1968 constitution on April 12, 1973, and dissolved parliament. He assumed all powers of government and prohibited all political activities and trade unions from operating. He justified his actions as having removed alien and divisive political practices incompatible with the Swazi way of life. In January 1979, a new parliament was convened, chosen partly through indirect elections and partly through direct appointment by the King. An Autocratic Regent: King Sobhuza II died in August 1982, and Queen Regent Dzeliwe assumed the duties of the head of state. In 1984, an internal dispute led to the replacement of the Prime Minister and eventual replacement of Dzeliwe by a new Queen Regent Ntombi. Ntombis only child, Prince Makhosetive, was named the heir to the Swazi throne. Real power at this time was concentrated in the Liqoqo, a supreme traditional advisory body that claimed to give binding advice to the Queen Regent. In October 1985, Queen Regent Ntombi demonstrated her power by dismissing the leading figures of the Liqoqo. Call for Democracy: Prince Makhosetive returned from school in England to ascend to the throne and help end the continuing internal disputes. He was enthroned as Mswati III on April 25, 1986. Shortly afterward he abolished the Liqoqo. In November 1987, a new parliament was elected and a new cabinet appointed.In 1988 and 1989, an underground political party, the Peoples United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO) criticized the King and his government, calling for democratic reforms. In response to this political threat and to growing popular calls for greater accountability within government, the King and the Prime Minister initiated an ongoing national debate on the constitutional and political future of Swaziland. This debate produced a handful of political reforms, approved by the King, including direct and indirect voting, in the 1993 national elections.Although domestic groups and international observers criticized the government in late 2002 for interfering with the independence of the judiciary, parliame nt, and freedom of the press, significant improvements have been made concerning rule of law in the past two years. Swaziland’s Court of Appeals resumed hearing cases in late 2004 after a two-year absence in protest of the government’s refusal to abide by the court’s decisions in two important rulings. In addition, the new Constitution went into effect in early 2006, and the 1973 proclamation, which, among other measures, banned political parties, lapsed at that time.(Text from Public Domain material, US Department of State Background Notes.)

Issues in strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Issues in strategic management - Essay Example However, it is essential to distinguish the two basic differences in the strategic management research - while one focuses on the research of the content of the strategic management ideas, the other makes the process of strategic management its object, and also examines the factors, which influence this process. It is interesting to note the expression, which can give and explain the principal roots of the strategic management decision making: Thus, the aim of the research is not only to make the taxonomy of the decision making knowledge in strategic management, but to make it simple, understandable and practical for the use in the further similar researches. Taxonomy is the science of classification of any knowledge, and can be applied to any theoretical or practical field of science. (Porac & Thomas, 1990) Applying taxonomy to the area of strategic decision making has become popular in the recent years, though attempts to systematize the schools of the strategic decision making has been attempted earlier. It was a difficult task to accomplish, as strategic decisions have been described, as being unclear, complex, unpredictable and messy. (Schwenk & Dalton, 1991) The first attempt to create at least approximate taxonomy of the strategic decision making was performed in 1976 by Mintzberg and Theoret, who were able to define the three major phases in this process, and described them as the identification phase, the development phase and the selection phase. (Goodstein et al, 1994) Hart (1992) has also created his own system of strategic decision making processes, and has divided them into five different types - the command mode, the symbolic mode, the rational mode, the transactive mode and the generative mode. The systematization of the knowledge in the area of strategic management decision making is a difficult process, but we will here attempt to create a table on the basis of the existing theoretical schools and to describe them in more detail, which will assist in further application of the knowledge found in literature in future researches and the solution of the practical issues. Taxonomy of the strategic management decision making Name of the theoretical school The author The basic knowledge used The design school model Learned, Christensen, Andrews and Guth SWOT analysis; defines strategy as simple and informative process The planning school Ansoff Makes little emphasis on the concept of strategy as it is; is more concentrated on the detailed plans elaboration The entrepreneurial school Schumpeter Focuses on the CEO role in strategic decision making process The extended design school model Prescribes the CEO's vision to the building of consensus and commitment in the decision making The detailed discussion of the theoretical schools In the light of the abovementioned information and in the view of the table created on the basis of the already existing schools of strategic management thinking and decision making, it is interesting to note, that some strategies use the role of the

Transitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Transitions - Essay Example Particularly negative stress in life affects you the most. Some stress can have a positive effect. From a positive stress perspective, its individual's natural reaction to accept dealing with life's extraordinary challenges and fight against the odds. Stressful events can also bring out the best and actually increases ability to survive in side the individual. Many people experienced great energy boost when they are forced to deal with a stressful situation they came across. Positive stress can help with concentration and focus. An individual faces stress in sudden changes in life; includes death of parents, abandonment, serious accidents, natural disasters, demolition of home, war, physical and sexual assaults. They disrupt the life and cause of serious stress and pain. It includes, rush hour traffic, aggravating associates, long lines at the store or bank, too many things to do, and misplacing things. Over time, stress takes a toll on our health and well being. It can lead to feelings of hopelessness or high blood pressure rates and helplessness, low self-esteem, headaches, sleeplessness, and frequent illness Stresses in the urban life come with poverty, unemployment, single parenting, and overcrowding. The lives of street children are usually filled with long-term problems that are difficult to solve: poverty, denial of human rights, psychological difficulties, illnesses, and lack of educational and recreational opportunities. Rejection or a sense of rejection by family members, friends, school, health or other services, and society in general Adolescent developmental changes 2. Life transitions Transitions in life, such as moving neighborhoods or cities, changing peer groups, or beginning a romantic relationship, changing schools or switching over to new job are always stressful because they require people to behave in new ways.Meaning of Transition Life is full of transition, death and parting being a major part of life. Change happens frequently throughout life, and an individual will go through many transitions. Life transitions are predictable changes in lives. Transition means changing from one place, stage, or relationship to another and some will signal the start of a new set of ventures. As described in United Nations Economic and Social Council doctrine; "Political, economic and social changes in transition countries left large segments of society very vulnerable. People lost guaranteed employment, the security of old age pensions and free access to basic social services. Massive unemployment, underemployment, non-payment of salaries, loss of savings due to hyperinflation and fast rising costs of health and other services made them very susceptible to various risks. They suffered from the loss of self-respect, when their skills and knowledge were no longer in demand. Many people became marginalized, as they lost access to

Women in Greek Mythology Essay Example for Free

Women in Greek Mythology Essay A myth is a legendary traditional story, usually concerning a hero or an event, and typically involving supernatural beings and events. Informally, the term is also used to describe false stories, due to the usual lack of determinable basis or fact in most myths, but the academic use of the word has nothing to do with truth or falsity. Myths are stories woven from the need of having models for behavior. They are sacred stories revolving around sacred events and sacred characters idealized perfectly to be the suitable role-models in the eyes of the society from which they spring, which makes myths a valuable resource for explaining how the human race came to what it is today. Ancient Greek society had very specific gender roles, where men were expected to be controlling and domineering, and women passive and obedient. It was believed that if women were busy in their domestic homes, then they will not turn to their evil nature in which men of that time strongly believed in. â€Å"From her is descended a great pain to mortal men† (Leftowitz and Fant, p25). In Homer’s Odyssey, one of the oldest and most fundamental works of literature to western canon, the importance of women in the poem’s plot lies in their roles as seductresses. When Odysseus crew arrives on Circes island, they are attracted to Circes house because of the alluring voice of the beautiful but monstrous goddess. Homer describes her as singing in a sweet voice, as she fared to and fro before the great web imperishable, such as is the handiwork of goddesses, fine of woof and full of grace and splendor. (Homer, 850 BC) But evil seductresses was not the only portrait of women offered by Greek Mythology. Penelope, the wife of the main character in the Odyssey, Odysseus, is a prime example of what an ideal wife was in Ancient Greek society. She has only one son by Odysseus, born just before Odysseus was called to fight in the Trojan War. Penelope remained faithful to Odysseus for 20 years as he was away fighting, doing all she can to curb the unwanted attention of many suitors and their requests for her hand. She has devised many plans to delay an answer, one of which was pretending to weave a burial shroud for Odysseus’ old father, and promising to choose which to marry of her suitors when she finishes it. Every night for three years she undid a part of the shroud until her trick was exposed. She is a symbol of fidelity in marriage, even though she begins to get restless and ambivalent, due mainly to Athena’s encouragement, after 20 years of waiting. As Irene De Jong comments: â€Å"As so often, it is Athena who takes the initiative in giving the story a new direction Usually the motives of mortal and god coincide, here they do not: Athena wants Penelope to fan the Suitors desire for her and (thereby) make her more esteemed by her husband and son; Penelope has no real motive . . . she simply feels an unprecedented impulse to meet the men she so loathes adding that she might take this opportunity to talk to Telemachus (which she will indeed do)† (De Jong, p.44) But as Odysseus comes back disguised as a beggar, Penelope vows to marry whoever can string Odysseus Bow and shoot an arrow, which leads to Odysseus and Penelope reuniting together. Penelope’s story shows what Greek men expected from women, undying fidelity and a good, sharp and reliable mind. And albeit the fact that Penelope starts longing to show off for her suitors and eventually agrees to marry whoever strings her former husband’s bow, she is still shown in a good light in Greek myth. On a high contrast to the passive Penelope is Medusa, the gorgon female monster, who is well known for hair of snakes and her horrifying glare that turned onlookers to stone. She was born an exceptional beauty, the jealous aspiration of many suitors, with her hair being her best feature, but after she was ravished in Athena’s temple, the goddess was so enraged she punished her by turning her hair into snakes and whoever looked at her into stone. She was later killed by the hero Perseus, who beheaded her and used her head as a weapon, then gave it up for Athens. Medusa has become a symbol of feminine rage, she was punished for being a victim of rape, while the man escaped with no consequence, and she had spread terror and fright as her revenge for the unfairness of the world, and later is beheaded, and her murderer is labeled a hero, giving her head to the goddess who had started it all with her curse. Interestingly enough, her name means the protector, or the guardian. The most interesting Greek mythical woman in my opinion is Pandora, the beginning of it all. Her name means â€Å"The giver of all†. She was Zeus punishment to mankind after Prometheus stole the secret of fire, the symbol of education. Zeus ordered her to be mould out of the earth, and he and all the other gods joined in offering this â€Å"beautiful evil† all manners of seductive gifts. It is said that she had opened a jar, known in modern days as Pandora’s Box, out of curiosity, and unintentionally released all the evils of mankind, disasters and illnesses and malaises, leaving only hope inside after she hastened to close it. The curious part is how women were viewed not just as a punishment, but a punishment for man’s attempts to broaden his mind and satiate his curiosity, and how the evils of mankind all came to be, not as a result of malice or malevolence, but that same innocent curiosity, which is one of the natural attributes of the human race. It appears as though the Greek did not approve of snooping around, especially of women, which brings to mind the modern stereotype of nosey idle housewives. Her other name is Anesidora, which means â€Å"She who sends up gifts†, implying her lower status as a female. In conclusion, while myths might not describe real events, they are nonetheless one of the most valuable tools to understanding human nature and ideals, they are fantasies that man had created and they reflect his thoughts and theories and explanations and hopes and ideals. Women had took up major roles in the Greek mythical world, as villains and victims, but rarely as heroines, which shows that the society at the time and place of the creation of those legends was dominantly ruled by men, with women staying to their homes and looking after their families. These gender stereotypes have continued for many years after the downfall of the Greek Empire, and are still popular throughout the world even today. References Bulfinch, T. , and Goodrich, N. (1995). Bulfinchs mythology: The age of fable. Plume. De Jong, I. (2001). A Narratological commentary on the odyssey. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved Dec 6, 2009 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Penelope Definition of Myth. Dictionary. com unabridged. Retrieved (2009, December 6) from http:// dictionary. reference. com/browse/myth Gender in Odyssey. Bookrag. Retrieved Dec 6, 2009 from http://www. bookrags. com/ essay- 2005/11/23/13450/292 Graf, F. , and Marier, Thomas. (1996). Greek mythology. Johns Hopkins Univ Pr. Hesiod, Schlegel, C. , and Weinfield. (2006). Theogony and works and days. University of Michigan Pr. Homer (fl. 850 B. C. ). The Odyssey. The Harvard Classics. 1909–14.. Bartleby. Retrieved Dec 6, 2009 from http://www. bartleby. com/22/10. html Homer, Fagles, R. , and Knox, B. (1998). The Iliad. Penguin Classics. Katz, M. (1991). Penelopes renown: Meaning and indeterminacy in the odyssey. Princeton University Press. Lefkowitz, M. R. , and Fant, M. B. (2005). Men’s Opinion. Women’s life in Greek and Rome. USA: The John Hopkins University Press. Pandora, by Jules Joseph Lefebvre(1836–1911), Oil on Canvas.

Atoms Essay -- essays research papers

The beginning student of chemistry must have a knowledge of the theory which forms the basis for our understanding of chemistry and he must acquire this knowledge before he has the mathematical background required for a rigorous course of study in quantum mechanics. The present approach is designed to meet this need by stressing the physical or observable aspects of the theory through an extensive use of the electronic charge density. The manner in which the negative charge of an atom or a molecule is arranged in three-dimensional space is determined by the electronic charge density distribution. Thus, it determines directly the sizes and shapes of molecules, their electrical moments and, indeed, all of their chemical and physical properties. Since the charge density describes the distribution of negative charge in real space, it is a physically measurable quantity. Consequently, when used as a basis for the discussion of chemistry, the charge density allows for a direct physical picture and interpretation. In particular, the forces exerted on a nucleus in a molecule by the other nuclei and by the electronic charge density may be rigorously calculated and interpreted in terms of classical electrostatics. Thus, given the molecular charge distribution, the stability of a chemical bond may be discussed in terms of the electrostatic requirement of achieving a zero force on the nuclei in the molecule. A chemical bond is the result of the accumulation of negative charge dens...

Jinnah’s Vision of Pakistan and our Success to realize it Essay

There is not much debate or even concern about what was the vision of the founders of Pakistan. What type of state they had in mind when they struggled of an independent country that we call our homeland, Pakistan? In answering this question, we will assess whether or not we have been driven by that vision and how we have shaped our system of governance. The Muslim intellectuals, thinkers and social reformers that contributed to the idea of Muslims being a separate political category in India were essentially modernist, rationalist Muslims. They wanted the Muslims to acquire knowledge of new sciences and empower themselves economically and politically. Their central objective was rights of the Muslims and their share in power under the British colonial system. They understood how the world had changed, and accordingly they thought the best tools for Muslim empowerment were modernity, education, politics of rights and peaceful struggle for accommodation of their interests. Jinnah and many other leaders of the Muslim communities in the subcontinent were products of post-reissuance modern world. Unlike European modernists all varieties of nationalists in the colonial world had more difficult task of building a modern nation in a traditional, Islamic cultural climate. The question then and now for modernists is how to reconcile modernity with religion and social structures. Muslim modernists from Sir Syed Ahmad Khan to Jinnah wanted modem education, science and technology and political forms and institutions without offending religion. Jinnah’s vision of Pakistan in this respect has four salient points. We can judge where does Pakistan stand today in the light of these four ideas. 1: Constitutionalism First and foremost, Jinnah was quintessential a constitutionalist. The term and its underlying philosophy is so foreign to our rulers that they have really disabled themselves intellectually to seek guidance from him. What it really means in modern political theory is that a civilized system of governance must function within the boundaries of laws. There must be limits on the exercise of power which is primarily meant to serve national and public interest. This is one of the central themes of philosophical debates that have defined the system of state and the relations between political authority and the society during the past three hundred years or so. Jinnah had thoroughly and profoundly internalized constitutionalism at a very young age and this defined all his politics in his long career. Actually constitutionalism is what separates the pre-modern and the modern world system. It gives dignity to human beings in rooting the ideas of freedom, civil rights and social capacity to force the government to stay within the limits of laws. 2: Supremacy of law and independence of judiciary. Philosophically as well as in practical politics these are basic norms of good society and good politics. Jinnah’s political orientation and practical life were perfect reflection of these two ideas of the modern world. Let us not forget that Jinnah was one the most distinguished, outstanding and powerful defender of rule of law and independence of judiciary. These two institutions are intertwined. It would be absurd to think of rule of law without the independence of judiciary, Building one of these institutions independently is not possible. They grow together; the development of one strengthens the other. 3: Personal liberties and freedoms These constitute third important flank of Jinnah’s political ideology. His political struggle first at the platform of the Indian National Congress for home rule, independence and rights of minorities, and later on throughout the Pakistan movement was based on universal human instincts of freedoms and civil rights. It would be unconceivable in any situation that the battle for national independence could be fought without the recognizing individuals’ right to make their own choices. This is an important notion that transforms them from subjects of a colonial administration to a citizen of a modern nation state. 4: Representative Democratic Government. The ideas we have briefly mentioned above give rise to the representative government, another facet of Jinnah’s political philosophy. Such a government is in our view a defining characteristic of the modem form of authority. It answers some fundamental questions about how political power in a society like Pakistan is to be organized, and for what purposes to be exercised in modern times. Jinnah couldn’t think of any other system for Pakistan except a constitutional, democratic government. Have we succeeded in realization of Jinnah’s Vision? How do we measure up to some of these basic political principles of Jinnah today? We have mixed record at best on shaping Pakistan according to Jinnah’s ideas. We have elected governments at the moment and we had had them before. But many a times we disrupted growth of democracy. For that reason, the checks and balance system among the institutions of the state remains troubled and respect for constitutionalism weak. We have not sufficiently debated the reasons for repeated deviation from the constitutionalist principles and ‘rule of law’ tradition of our founders. We know they are too many, as no single factor can explain it sufficiently. They are essentially rooted in stubborn feudalistic culture, class character of the ruling classes and an alliance between the electoral elites and the rulers in the past. Contrarily, people at large and the rising middle classes of Pakistan and even a large section of political groups have struggled for democracy, which as a political system is manifestation of the political vision of Jinnah. Against all the problems we have today, they want democracy in substantive terms because the procedural or electoral democracy has turned the system into personalized, autocratic form. It is why it is not fully alive to the problems of the people or responsive enough to the needs of the society. In my view, we face multiple challenges of bad governance, political confrontations and terrorism because we have not shaped our state and political institutions, including the political parties, according to the modernist, liberal vision of Jinnah. In these times of rising despair and despondency, we can set Pakistan on the course of stability and development by embracing ideas and vision of Jinnah, which in nutshell are; liberal democratic state of Pakistan.

French Court System

The French court system is a double pyramid structure. There are two separate orders: administrative courts and judicial courts. Each order has a pyramid structure, with a single court at the top and various courts at the base. Litigants displeased with a court decision can seek a review before the next court up in the hierarchy. In each order, a single court of last instance ensures that the lower courts interpret the law in the same way. The administrative courts settle disputes between users and public authorities. The Conseil d'Etat hears cases in first and last instance. It is both adviser to the government and the supreme administrative court. †¢The courts with general competence are the administrative courts, administrative appeal courts and the Conseil d'Etat (as a jurisdiction). †¢Administrative courts with special competence are the financial courts (Court of Auditors, Regional Courts of Auditors, Court of Budget and Financial Discipline) and various other tribuna ls like the disciplinary bodies of professional orders.The judicial courts settle disputes between persons and sanction offences against persons, property and society. There are three categories of judicial court: †¢the courts of first instance: – the civil courts: district courts, regional courts, commercial courts, employment tribunals, agricultural land tribunals, social security tribunals; – the criminal courts: . ordinary courts: police courts, regional criminal courts, assize courts; . specialised courts: juvenile courts, military courts, political courts and the maritime criminal court; local courts, created by Act 2002-1138 of 9 September 2002 to meet the need to make justice more accessible, swifter and capable of dealing more appropriately with small claims and minor offences. Local courts have lay judges; †¢the courts of second instance: the appeal courts; †¢the supreme court: the Court of Cassation, responsible for ensuring compliance with th e rules of law applied by lower courts. It judges the form and not the merits, unlike the courts of first and second instance, which judge the facts.

Chapter case study Essay Example

Chapter case study Essay Example Chapter case study Essay Chapter case study Essay A key component of data security was also implemented with the vendor data site to reverent vendors from accessing each others data and compromising proprietary information (Viscosity, 2008, p. 1). There are many types of communication applications used by Wall-Mart to help them maintain their rank in the top of the retail business. The most typical types used by Wall-Mart are their automated distribution system, their computerized routing systems and the electronic data interchange (DE) (Boogie, 2013, p. 126). These are all used to synonymously create an efficient process for Wall-Mart to succeed at remaining one of the top competitive tillers in the world. Along with communication applications, there are also applications of wireless technology used by Wall-Mart helping them to be successful. One of the wireless applications is used to assist the operations of the warehouse management system (WHAMS). Another wireless application utilized by Wall-Mart controls and monitors the forklifts and industrial vehicles usage which move merchandise through the distribution centers (Boogie, 2013, p. 26). There are many features and capabilities of the Vehicle Management system (VIM) which is the latest application of data communications for Wall-Mart. The VIM has the ability to send two way text messages to assist management in being more effective in the material handling of resources to the most appropriate destinations. The VIM also works effectively with Radio-Frequency Identification (RIFF) syst ems

Definition and Discussion of Middle English

Definition and Discussion of Middle English Middle English was the language spoken in England from about 1100 to 1500. Five major  dialects of Middle English have been identified (Northern, East Midlands, West Midlands, Southern, and Kentish), but the research of Angus McIntosh and others... supports the claim that this period of the language was rich in dialect diversity (Barbara A. Fennell, A History of English: A Sociolinguistic Approach, 2001). Major literary works written in Middle English include Havelok the Dane,  Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,  Piers Plowman, and  Geoffrey  Chaucers Canterbury Tales. The form of Middle English thats most familiar to modern readers is the London dialect, which was the dialect of Chaucer and the basis of what would eventually become standard English. Examples and Observations Chaucers Canterbury TalesWhan that Aprill, with his shoures sooteThe droghte of March hath perced to the rooteAnd bathed every veyne in swich licour,Of which vertu engendred is the flour...[When the sweet showers of April have piercedThe drought of March, and pierced it to the rootAnd every vein is bathed in that moistureWhose quickening force will engender the flower...](Geoffrey Chaucer, General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales, late 14th century. Translation by David Wright. Oxford University Press, 2008)Many Middle EnglishesMiddle English varied enormously over time and by region; Angus McIntosh notes that there are over a thousand dialectically differentiated varieties of Middle English. Indeed,  some scholars go so far as to say that Middle English is not... a language at all but rather something of a scholarly fiction, an amalgam of forms and sounds, writers and manuscripts, famous works and little-known ephemera. This is a little extreme, but certainly prior to the later fo urteenth century Middle English was primarily a spoken rather than a written language, and did not have official administrative functions in either a secular or religious context. This has resulted in a critical tendency to place English at the bottom of the linguistic hierarchy of medieval England, with Latin and French as the dominant languages of discourse, instead of seeing the symbiotic relationship between English, French, and Latin...By the fifteenth century Middle English was extensively used in the written documentation of business, civic government, Parliament, and the royal household.(Rachel E. Moss,  Fatherhood and Its Representations in Middle English Texts. D.S. Brewer, 2013) The Vocabulary of Middle English- In 1066, William the Conqueror led the Norman invasion of England, marking the beginning of the  Middle English  period. This invasion brought a  major influence  to English from Latin and French. As is often the case with invasions, the conquerors dominated the major political and economic life in England. While this invasion had some influence on English grammar, the most powerful impact was on vocabulary.(Evelyn Rothstein and Andrew S. Rothstein,  English Grammar Instruction That Works!  Corwin, 2009)- The core vocabulary of [Middle] English comprised the monosyllabic words for basic concepts,  bodily functions, and body parts inherited from Old English and shared with the other Germanic languages. These words include: God,  man, tin, iron, life, death, limb, nose, ear, foot, mother, father, brother, earth, sea, horse, cow, lamb.Words from French are often polysyllabic terms for the  institutions of the Conquest (church, administ ration, law), for things imported with the Conquest (castles, courts, prisons), and terms of high culture and social status (cuisine, fashion, literature, art, decoration).(Seth Lerer,  Inventing English: A Portable History of the Language. Columbia University Press, 2007) French Influence on Middle English- From 1150 to 1500 the language is known as Middle English. During this period the inflections, which had begun to break down during the end of the Old English period, become greatly reduced...By making English the language mainly of uneducated people, the Norman Conquest [in 1066] made it easier for grammatical changes to go forward unchecked.French influence is much more direct and observable upon the vocabulary. Where two languages exist side by side for a long time and the relations between the people speaking them are as intimate as they were in England, a considerable transference of words from one language to the other is inevitable...When we study the French words appearing in English before 1250, roughly 900 in number, we find that many of them were such as the lower classes would become familiar with through contact with a French-speaking nobility: (baron, noble, dame, servant, messenger, feast, minstrel, juggler, largess)... In the period after 1250,... the upper classes carried over into English an astonishing number of common French words. In changing from French to English, they transferred much of their governmental and administrative vocabulary, their ecclesiastical, legal, and military terms, their familiar words of fashion, food, and social life, the vocabulary of art, learning, and medicine.(A. C. Baugh and T. Cable, A History of the English Language. Prentice-Hall, 1978)- French continued to occupy a prestigious place in English society, especially the Central French dialect spoken in Paris. This prompted an increase in the numbers of French words borrowed, especially those relating to French society and culture. As a  consequence, English words concerned with scholarship, fashion, the arts, and foodsuch as college, robe, verse, beefare often drawn from French (even if their ultimate origins lie in Latin). The higher status of French in this [late Middle English] period continues to influence the associat ions of pairs of synonyms in Modern English, such as begin-commence, look-regard, stench-odour. In each of these pairs, the French borrowing is of a higher register than the word inherited from Old English.(Simon Horobin,  How English Became English. Oxford University Press, 2016) A Fuzzy Boundary[T]he transition from Middle to early modern English is above all the period of the elaboration of the English language. Between the late 14th and 16th centuries, the English language began increasingly to take on more functions. These changes in function had, it is argued here, a major effect on the form of English: so major, indeed, that the old distinction between Middle and modern retains considerable validity, although the boundary between these two linguistic epochs was obviously a fuzzy one.(Jeremy J. Smith, From Middle to Early Modern English. The Oxford History of English, ed. by Lynda Mugglestone. Oxford University Press, 2006)Chaucer on Changes in the Forme of SpeecheYe knowe ek that in forme of speeche is chaungeWithinne a thousand yeer, and wordes thoThat hadden pris, now wonder nyce and straungeUs thinketh hem, and yet thei spake hem so,And spedde as wel in love as men now do;Ek for to wynnen love in sondry ages,In sondry londes, sondry ben usages.[You k now also that in (the) form of speech (there) is changeWithin a thousand years, and words thenThat had value, now wonderfully curious and strange(To) us they seem, and yet they spoke them so,And succeeded as well in love as men now do;Also to win love in sundry ages,In sundry lands, (there) are many usages.](Geoffrey Chaucer, Troilus and Criseyde, late 14th century. Translation by Roger Lass in Phonology and Morphology. A History of the English Language, edited by Richard M. Hogg and David Denison. Cambridge University Press, 2008)

Keep it clean Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Keep it clean - Essay Example Therefore, it is the hope of this author that the analysis will not only be beneficial in discussing and analyzing the subject matter but also in helping the reader to come to a more full and complete appreciation for how some of the same information and viewed under the lens of a different culture and a different dynamic is necessarily much different. As a function of performing such an analysis, the reader will be able to come away with a more clear understanding of how current employers utilize social media and other forms of web content as a means of narrowing down the applicant pool. Likewise, it is the further intention of this author to pain a level of distinction with regards to how American culture integrates with such a threat as compared to how Chinese culture integrates with such a threat. The application that was defined on the website consists of a specific program which is designed to pour through large amounts of social networking data as a means of targeting social n etworking data that potential employers might find offensive and helping the user to remove this content prior to this ever being an eventuality (Jones, 2011). Accordingly, this necessarily assumes two factors, the first of these is that the social networking user would necessarily have information that would be viewed negatively by a potential employer and the second of which is that they would be familiar with the service that the app can provide and seek to utilize it (Parker, 2013). The second assumption is perhaps the more important one due to the fact that if the individual is mindful enough to seek out an application to clean their social networking history, they are likely intelligent enough in the first place not to post scandalous information upon social networks which might be able to be viewed by a variety of strangers. However, the reality of the situation is that the changing and interconnected nature of the world and the hiring process has made it common for employers to seek out such information within the world wide web prior to making determinations with regards to what employee would be the best choice and the best fit for the given firm or entity in question (Arrington et al, 2011). Although it may seem as an uncomfortable level of surveillance, the fact of the matter is that these companies and firms are merely exploiting the information that social networking users so carelessly post about themselves (Clark & Roberts, 2010). Rather than seeing such a practice as somehow dubious on the part of the employer, the reader can and should integrate with the understanding that the end users are the ones that are ultimately responsible for the representation that they make to the world and so oftentimes leave as publicly accessible. In such a way, the application tha